“Separation of Powers: A Comparative Study of Presidential & Parliamentary System”

Abstract

This study explores the principle of separation of powers within the context of Bangladesh’s governance, specifically under its presidential and parliamentary systems. The research examines how the constitutional framework, which aims to ensure a clear division of authority between the executive, legislature, and judiciary, functions in practice. It investigates the strengths and weaknesses of both systems, highlighting challenges such as political interference, judicial independence, and the concentration of executive power. Through qualitative analysis, the study identifies the key factors that influence democratic accountability and institutional integrity. Additionally, the research provides recommendations for strengthening checks and balances, enhancing the judiciary’s autonomy, and ensuring effective parliamentary oversight. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how governance systems in Bangladesh can be reformed to better uphold the principles of democracy and the rule of law, offering valuable insights for policymakers, scholars, and the public.