Research Monograph On “Comparative Analysis of Federalism: A Study Highlighting the Constitutions of the United States and India”

Abstract

This study examines the constitutional frameworks of India and the United States to give a comparative examination of federalism. Their systems reflect different historical, political, and sociocultural circumstances, even though both countries practice federalism. With its dual federalism model, which emphasizes a distinct separation of powers between the federal and state governments, the United States allows for more state sovereignty. On the other hand, India's federal system is more centralized, with a stronger central government and cooperative features, the result of its colonial past and the desire for national unity amid its many cultures. This research examines the structural, functional, and contextual distinctions between the two systems, emphasizing the power dynamics, constitutional roots, and the judiciary's function in maintaining a balance between the state and central authority. It also draws attention to important issues like regionalism, economic inequality, and calls for increased autonomy. By providing useful suggestions for boosting democratic governance, guaranteeing fair development, and improving the efficacy of federal systems, the study seeks to add to the larger conversation on federalism. The results imply that although each system has advantages and disadvantages, a more adaptable and responsive federal governing style may guarantee national unity, advance social fairness, and encourage regional autonomy.