Abstract:
The Doctrine of Taseeb is a fundamental concept in Islamic jurisprudence that deals with the
distribution of inheritance among the heirs of a deceased person. It is rooted in the Quran and the
Hadith and serves as a guide for determining the rightful shares of inheritors. In Bangladesh, like
in many other Sunni-majority countries, the Doctrine of Taseeb plays a pivotal role in resolving
inheritance disputes and ensuring the fair allocation of assets among family members. This
principle is in line with the broader objectives of Islamic law, which include justice and the
protection of individual rights.
Umar ibn al-Khattab, known for his wisdom and judicious decisions during his caliphate, made
several landmark decisions that continue to influence Sunni jurisprudence in Bangladesh and
beyond. Two notable decisions attributed to him are his establishment of the Bayt al-Mal (public
treasury) and his introduction of Qadi (judicial) courts. These decisions reflect his commitment to
administrative efficiency and justice.
The establishment of the Bayt al-Mal was a significant development in the early Islamic state. It
centralized the collection and distribution of public funds, ensuring equitable distribution among
the community's members. This decision laid the groundwork for modern financial systems and
taxation structures in many Muslim-majority countries, including Bangladesh.
Umar's introduction of Qadi courts aimed to provide a formalized and impartial system for
resolving disputes among Muslims. This decision emphasized the importance of justice and the
rule of law in Islamic governance. In Bangladesh, as in other Sunni jurisdictions, the legacy of
Umar's Qadi courts can be seen in the existence of Shariah courts and the application of Islamic
law in various civil and family matters.
