Controlling Light Pollution in Dhaka City under the Existing Environmental Laws in Bangladesh: An Appraisal

Abstract

Bangladesh, a land of vibrant culture and lush landscapes, faces a growing threat in the form of light pollution. As cities like Dhaka expand and economic activity intensifies, the night sky is increasingly dominated by a glare of artificial light. This excess illumination not only disrupts the natural rhythm of life, but also poses environmental and health risks. The extent of the problem is alarming. Studies suggest that over 25% of Bangladesh's land area is now light polluted, a significant increase from just a decade ago. This light trespass disrupts the natural darkness crucial for nocturnal animals, impacting their migration, foraging, and reproduction. Bats, owls, and fireflies, all vital parts of the ecosystem, are losing their navigational cues due to the artificial glow. The consequences for humans are equally concerning. Excessive exposure to light at night can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to insomnia, fatigue, and even hormonal imbalances. It can also suppress the production of melanin, a hormone essential for regulating the body's circadian rhythm and immune function. Additionally, light pollution contributes to urban heat island effects, raising temperatures in cities and exacerbating air pollution.